品牌：Lumafluor
货号：R180
名称：Red Retrobeads™ (100 µl)
国内渠道现货商：靶点科技
论文题目：Thirst neurons anticipate the homeostatic consequences of eating and drinking
期刊：Nature volume 537, pages 680–684 (2016)
中文摘要：口渴会促使动物喝水以保持体液平衡。口渴通常被视为对血容量或张力变化的稳态反应。然而，大多数饮酒行为的调节速度太快，无法直接由血液成分控制，相反，似乎在稳态失衡出现之前就预测了它们。如何实现这一点仍然未知。在这里，我们揭示了穹窿下器官（SFO）在小鼠口渴的预期调节中的意想不到的作用。通过监测深部脑钙动力学，我们发现促进口渴的SFO神经元在进食和饮水过程中对口腔的输入做出反应，然后将这些输入与有关血液成分的信息整合在一起。这种整合使SFO神经元能够预测持续的食物和水消耗将如何改变未来的体液平衡，然后先发制人地调整行为。互补的光遗传学操作表明，这种预期调节对于在几种情况下的饮酒是必要的。这些发现提供了一种神经机制来解释长期的行为观察，包括进餐时饮酒的普遍性，口渴的快速饱腹感，以及口腔冷却是解渴的事实。
英文摘要：Thirst motivates animals to drink in order to maintain fluid balance. Thirst has conventionally been viewed as a homeostatic response to changes in blood volume or tonicity. However, most drinking behaviour is regulated too rapidly to be controlled by blood composition directly, and instead seems to anticipate homeostatic imbalances before they arise. How this is achieved remains unknown. Here we reveal an unexpected role for the subfornical organ (SFO) in the anticipatory regulation of thirst in mice. By monitoring deep-brain calcium dynamics, we show that thirst-promoting SFO neurons respond to inputs from the oral cavity during eating and drinking and then integrate these inputs with information about the composition of the blood. This integration allows SFO neurons to predict how ongoing food and water consumption will alter fluid balance in the future and then to adjust behaviour pre-emptively. Complementary optogenetic manipulations show that this anticipatory modulation is necessary for drinking in several contexts. These findings provide a neural mechanism to explain longstanding behavioural observations, including the prevalence of drinking during meals, the rapid satiation of thirst, and the fact that oral cooling is thirst-quenching.
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